rs2278749
Variant in the ARNTL gene (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator Like (BMAL1))
rs2278749 is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the ARNTL gene, involved in circadian clock machinery. Variants at this position have been studied in relation to immune function, metabolism, and chronic illness.
This page is for educational and informational purposes only. Not a diagnostic tool. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.
What is the rs2278749 variant?
rs2278749 is a SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) in the ARNTL (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator Like (BMAL1)) gene. It belongs to the Circadian category and is part of the Sleep & Circadian Rhythm biological cluster. ARNTL encodes BMAL1, which heterodimerizes with CLOCK to drive circadian gene transcription and regulates immune cell function.
Biological role and pathway
This variant sits within the ARNTL gene, which is involved in the circadian clock machinery pathway. Genes within the Sleep & Circadian Rhythm cluster work together to maintain balanced function across interconnected biological systems.
Variants in genes within this pathway may influence an individual's predisposition to altered function — particularly under conditions of physiological stress such as viral infection or prolonged illness.
rs2278749 and Long COVID / ME-CFS research
ARNTL/BMAL1 variants disrupting circadian immune regulation may contribute to time-of-day patterns in Long COVID symptom severity.
This information is based on published research and does not constitute medical advice. See references below.
Parent gene: ARNTL
rs2278749 is one of 2 known variants in the ARNTL gene. To understand the full biological context of this variant, explore the parent gene page.
View ARNTL gene page →Conditions studied in relation to rs2278749
Research into ARNTL variants including rs2278749 has explored associations with the following conditions. These are areas of scientific investigation and do not imply causation.
Genetic insights from DNA data
Consumer DNA files from 23andMe, AncestryDNA, and MyHeritage contain raw SNP data. When you upload your file to ChronicDNA, the analysis engine checks your genotype against a curated panel of 80+ genes selected for their relevance to Long COVID, ME/CFS, and connected biological pathways - some of which may include ARNTL and the rs2278749 variant.
The report is educational - it explains which variants you carry, what the research says about them, and how they fit into the biological pathways most relevant to chronic illness. Results are presented in plain English with appropriate scientific context, no medical jargon, no scare tactics. All results should be discussed with a qualified healthcare provider.
Other variants in the ARNTL gene
The following variants in ARNTL are also studied in relation to chronic illness and may be analysed together for a more complete picture.
Frequently asked questions
What is the rs2278749 variant in the ARNTL gene?
rs2278749 is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the ARNTL (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator Like (BMAL1)) gene, which is involved in circadian clock machinery. ARNTL encodes BMAL1, which heterodimerizes with CLOCK to drive circadian gene transcription and regulates immune cell function.
How may the rs2278749 variant relate to Long COVID or ME/CFS?
ARNTL/BMAL1 variants disrupting circadian immune regulation may contribute to time-of-day patterns in Long COVID symptom severity.
Can a consumer DNA test detect the rs2278749 variant?
Many consumer DNA tests such as 23andMe, AncestryDNA, and MyHeritage genotype common SNPs. ChronicDNA analyses your raw DNA file and reports on variants studied in relation to chronic illness, immune function, and metabolism. This is not a diagnostic service — results are informational and educational only.
Find out if you carry the rs2278749 variant
Upload your DNA data from 23andMe, AncestryDNA, or MyHeritage and receive a personalised report covering >80 genes relevant to Long COVID and ME/CFS.
Get Your Personalised DNA ReportInformational and educational only · Not a diagnostic tool · GDPR compliant
References
The following publications were used in compiling the research context for ARNTL and its variants. This is not an exhaustive literature review.
- [1]PMID: 32127339
- [2]Nature Genetics
- [3]Journal of Clinical Investigation