rs4964416
Variant in the TXNRD1 gene (Thioredoxin Reductase 1)
rs4964416 is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the TXNRD1 gene, involved in thioredoxin regeneration / selenoprotein. Variants at this position have been studied in relation to immune function, metabolism, and chronic illness.
This page is for educational and informational purposes only. Not a diagnostic tool. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.
What is the rs4964416 variant?
rs4964416 is a SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) in the TXNRD1 (Thioredoxin Reductase 1) gene. It belongs to the Oxidative Stress category and is part of the Oxidative Stress biological cluster. TXNRD1 encodes thioredoxin reductase 1, a selenium-containing enzyme that regenerates oxidized thioredoxin using NADPH.
Biological role and pathway
This variant sits within the TXNRD1 gene, which is involved in the thioredoxin regeneration / selenoprotein pathway. Genes within the Oxidative Stress cluster work together to maintain balanced function across interconnected biological systems.
Variants in genes within this pathway may influence an individual's predisposition to altered function — particularly under conditions of physiological stress such as viral infection or prolonged illness.
rs4964416 and Long COVID / ME-CFS research
TXNRD1-mediated thioredoxin recycling maintains cellular redox balance; selenium deficiency (common in COVID-19) impairs TXNRD1 and thioredoxin antioxidant function in Long COVID.
This information is based on published research and does not constitute medical advice. See references below.
Parent gene: TXNRD1
rs4964416 is one of 1 known variant in the TXNRD1 gene. To understand the full biological context of this variant, explore the parent gene page.
View TXNRD1 gene page →Conditions studied in relation to rs4964416
Research into TXNRD1 variants including rs4964416 has explored associations with the following conditions. These are areas of scientific investigation and do not imply causation.
Genetic insights from DNA data
Consumer DNA files from 23andMe, AncestryDNA, and MyHeritage contain raw SNP data. When you upload your file to ChronicDNA, the analysis engine checks your genotype against a curated panel of 80+ genes selected for their relevance to Long COVID, ME/CFS, and connected biological pathways - some of which may include TXNRD1 and the rs4964416 variant.
The report is educational - it explains which variants you carry, what the research says about them, and how they fit into the biological pathways most relevant to chronic illness. Results are presented in plain English with appropriate scientific context, no medical jargon, no scare tactics. All results should be discussed with a qualified healthcare provider.
Other variants in the TXNRD1 gene
The following variants in TXNRD1 are also studied in relation to chronic illness and may be analysed together for a more complete picture.
Frequently asked questions
What is the rs4964416 variant in the TXNRD1 gene?
rs4964416 is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the TXNRD1 (Thioredoxin Reductase 1) gene, which is involved in thioredoxin regeneration / selenoprotein. TXNRD1 encodes thioredoxin reductase 1, a selenium-containing enzyme that regenerates oxidized thioredoxin using NADPH.
How may the rs4964416 variant relate to Long COVID or ME/CFS?
TXNRD1-mediated thioredoxin recycling maintains cellular redox balance; selenium deficiency (common in COVID-19) impairs TXNRD1 and thioredoxin antioxidant function in Long COVID.
Can a consumer DNA test detect the rs4964416 variant?
Many consumer DNA tests such as 23andMe, AncestryDNA, and MyHeritage genotype common SNPs. ChronicDNA analyses your raw DNA file and reports on variants studied in relation to chronic illness, immune function, and metabolism. This is not a diagnostic service — results are informational and educational only.
Find out if you carry the rs4964416 variant
Upload your DNA data from 23andMe, AncestryDNA, or MyHeritage and receive a personalised report covering >80 genes relevant to Long COVID and ME/CFS.
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References
The following publications were used in compiling the research context for TXNRD1 and its variants. This is not an exhaustive literature review.
- [1]PMID: 34088393
- [2]Nature Genetics
- [3]Antioxidants and Redox Signaling